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​In modern greenhouse cultivation, maintaining an optimal temperature and humidity environment is crucial for the healthy growth of plants and the improvement of crop yields. Among the various cooling systems, the combination of wet pads and exhaust fans has proven to be highly effective and widely used. This article will introduce how these two components work together to create a comfortable growing environment for plants in greenhouses.   ​   The Components of the System   ​ Wet Pads​   Wet pads, also known as evaporative cooling pads, are typically made of porous cellulose material with a honeycomb structure. These pads are installed on one side of the greenhouse. The surface area of the pad is large, which allows for maximum contact between air and water. When water is continuously pumped over the top of the wet pad and trickles down through the honeycomb structure, it wets the entire pad, creating a large surface of water - saturated material. ​   Exhaust Fans​   Exhaust fans are usually installed on the opposite side of the greenhouse from the wet pads. These fans are powerful and are designed to draw air out of the greenhouse, creating a negative pressure inside the greenhouse. The negative pressure is the driving force that pulls air through the wet pads from the outside environment. ​   How They Work Together​   When the exhaust fans are turned on, they start to remove air from the greenhouse, reducing the air pressure inside. As a result, the outside air, which is at a higher atmospheric pressure, is forced to enter the greenhouse through the wet pads. As the incoming air passes through the wet pads, it comes into contact with the water - saturated cellulose material. The air then absorbs moisture from the pad through the process of evaporation. Evaporation is a cooling process as it requires heat energy, and this heat is taken from the air itself, thus reducing the temperature of the air.​ The cooled and moistened air then circulates through the greenhouse, providing a more favorable environment for plant growth. The exhaust fans continue to expel the warmer air that has been heated by the plants and the greenhouse structure, maintaining a continuous cycle of air exchange. This cycle ensures that the temperature inside the greenhouse is kept at a level that is suitable for the specific plants being cultivated, even on hot summer days.​     The Benefits of the System   ​ Effective Cooling​   The wet pad and exhaust fan system can significantly lower the temperature inside the greenhouse. In hot and dry climates, the temperature reduction can be as much as 10 - 15 degrees Celsius, which is essential for preventing heat stress in plants. Heat stress can lead to reduced photosynthesis, stunted growth, and even plant death in extreme cases. By maintaining a lower temperature, this system helps plants to grow more vigorously and produce higher yields. ​   Humidity Control​   In addition to cooling, the system also helps to regulate the humidity inside the greenhouse. The evaporation of water from the wet pads increases the humidity of the incoming air. This is beneficial in dry climates where low humidity can cause problems such as wilting and increased pest and disease pressure. However, in more humid regions, the system can still be effective as the combination of air movement and moderate humidity provided by the pads helps to prevent the build - up of excessive moisture that can lead to fungal diseases. ​   Energy Efficiency​   Compared to other cooling systems such as air conditioning, the wet pad and exhaust fan system is much more energy - efficient. It relies on the natural process of evaporation and the power of the exhaust fans, which consume relatively little electricity. This not only reduces the operating costs for greenhouse owners but also makes it a more environmentally friendly option.   ​ Simple and Low Maintenance​   The system is relatively simple in design, with few moving parts other than the exhaust fans. The wet pads are durable and can last for several years with proper maintenance, which mainly involves regular cleaning to prevent the accumulation of dirt and debris that can block the pores of the pad and reduce its effectiveness. The exhaust fans also require minimal maintenance, typically just regular checks and lubrication to ensure they are running smoothly.   ​ Conclusion​  

​Greenhouses play a crucial role in modern agriculture, allowing farmers and horticulturists to grow crops in controlled environments, regardless of external weather conditions. There are several types of greenhouses, each designed with specific structures and features to meet different agricultural needs. Understanding these types and their suitable crops can help optimize crop production and enhance yields.   ​ 1. Polyethylene Film Greenhouses     ​ Structure and Features​   Polyethylene film greenhouses are one of the most common and cost - effective types. They are typically constructed with a metal or wooden frame covered by a layer of polyethylene plastic film. The film is lightweight, relatively inexpensive, and can be easily replaced. These greenhouses have moderate light transmission and can provide some insulation, maintaining a warmer temperature inside compared to the outside during colder months. They also allow for good ventilation when vents or roll - up sides are used.​     Suitable Crops​​   Leafy Greens: Crops like lettuce, spinach, and kale thrive in these greenhouses. The moderate temperature and light conditions are ideal for their growth. Leafy greens do not require extremely high light intensities and can grow well with the light transmitted through the polyethylene film.​   Herbs: Basil, mint, and parsley are commonly grown in polyethylene film greenhouses. These herbs prefer a relatively stable and slightly warm environment, which the greenhouse can provide. The ability to control ventilation helps in preventing excessive humidity that could lead to fungal diseases in herbs.​   Seasonal Flowers: Annual flowers such as marigolds, petunias, and pansies can be cultivated in these greenhouses. They can be started early in the season to get a head start on the growing period, taking advantage of the protected environment to ensure healthy germination and early growth.   ​   2. Glass Greenhouses​       Structure and Features​   Glass greenhouses are constructed with a sturdy frame, usually made of metal or wood, and have glass panels as the covering material. Glass has excellent light transmission, allowing for maximum sunlight to enter the greenhouse, which is crucial for crops that require high light levels. These greenhouses are more durable and have a longer lifespan compared to film greenhouses. They can also better withstand harsh weather conditions such as strong winds and heavy snow. However, they are more expensive to build and maintain, and proper heating and cooling systems are often required to manage the internal temperature. ​   Suitable Crops​   Tomatoes: Tomatoes are one of the most common crops grown in glass greenhouses. They require high light intensities for photosynthesis and fruit development. The excellent light transmission of glass ensures that tomatoes receive adequate sunlight, leading to good fruit quality and yield. The controlled environment also allows for better management of temperature and humidity, which are important for preventing diseases like blight.​   Cucumbers: Cucumbers thrive in the warm and well - lit environment of glass greenhouses. They are vining plants that require support, and the structured environment of the greenhouse can provide proper trellising. The high light levels help in the production of more flowers and fruits, and the ability to control humidity reduces the risk of fungal infections that are common in cucumber crops.​   Orchids: Many species of orchids require specific light, temperature, and humidity conditions to grow and bloom. Glass greenhouses can be equipped with additional heating, cooling, and humidification systems to create the perfect environment for orchids. The high light transmission is essential for their photosynthetic processes, and the stable environment helps in maintaining their delicate growth requirements. ​   3. Solar Greenhouses​     Structure and Features​   Solar greenhouses, also known as passive solar greenhouses, are designed to utilize solar energy as the primary source of heat. They typically have a south - facing orientation (in the northern hemisphere) with large glass or plastic panels on the south side to capture sunlight. The structure often includes thermal mass, such as concrete floors or walls, which absorb and store the solar heat during the day and release it at night, helping to maintain a relatively stable temperature inside without the need for excessive artificial heating. These greenhouses are more energy - efficient and environmentally friendly. ​   Suitable Crops​   Peppers: Both sweet and hot peppers do well in solar greenhouses. They require warm temperatures and adequate sunlight for growth and fruit production. The passive solar heating helps in maintaining the minimum temperature requirements, especially during the colder nights. The sunlight captured by the south - facing panels provides the necessary light for photosynthesis, leading to healthy plants and good yields.​   Eggplants: Eggplants are heat - loving crops that need warm temperatures throughout their growing season. Solar greenhouses can provide the consistent warmth required, with the thermal mass helping to even out temperature fluctuations. The sufficient light in these greenhouses supports the growth of eggplant plants and the development of their fruits.​   Figs: Some varieties of figs can be grown in solar greenhouses in regions where the outdoor climate is not suitable for their growth. The greenhouse environment provides the necessary warmth and protection from cold winters, while the solar energy helps in ripening the fruits. The light conditions are also suitable for the growth of fig trees.     ​ 4. Hydroponic Greenhouses​     Structure and Features​   Hydroponic greenhouses are a type of greenhouse where crops are grown without soil, using a nutrient - rich water solution. The structure can be similar to other greenhouses, but with additional systems for delivering the nutrient solution to the plants, such as drip irrigation or nutrient film technique (NFT) systems. These greenhouses often have a high level of environmental control, including precise management of temperature, humidity, light, and nutrient levels. They are highly efficient in water and nutrient use, as the solution can be recycled. ​   Suitable Crops​   Strawberries: Hydroponic greenhouses are ideal for growing strawberries. The controlled environment helps in preventing soil - borne diseases that commonly affect strawberries grown in the ground. The nutrient solution can be precisely adjusted to meet the specific needs of strawberry plants at different growth stages, leading to larger and healthier fruits. The vertical growing systems often used in hydroponic greenhouses also save space, allowing for higher strawberry yields per unit area.​   Lettuce (Hydroponic Varieties): Many types of lettuce are grown in hydroponic greenhouses. Since they have shallow root systems, they can easily absorb nutrients from the water solution. The ability to control the growing conditions precisely ensures rapid growth and high - quality lettuce with minimal pest and disease problems.​   Herbs (Hydroponic Cultivation): Herbs like rosemary, thyme, and dill can be successfully grown in hydroponic greenhouses. The clean and controlled environment reduces the risk of contamination, and the precise nutrient supply helps in maintaining the strong flavor and aroma of the herbs.   ​   5. Tunnel Greenhouses​     Structure and Features​ Tunnel greenhouses, also called hoop greenhouses, have a simple and lightweight structure. They consist of a series of hoops or arches made of metal or plastic, covered with a polyethylene film or other covering material. These greenhouses are easy to construct and can be relatively inexpensive. They are often used for temporary or seasonal crop production and can be easily moved or adjusted. Tunnel greenhouses provide protection from wind, rain, and light frost, creating a slightly warmer and more humid environment inside. ​   Suitable Crops​   Melons: Some varieties of melons, such as cantaloupes and watermelons, can be grown in tunnel greenhouses in regions with shorter growing seasons. The greenhouse environment helps in extending the growing period, providing the warm temperatures needed for melon plants to grow and fruit. The protection from wind also helps in preventing damage to the delicate melon vines.​   Zucchini and Summer Squash: These vegetables grow quickly and benefit from the slightly warmer conditions in tunnel greenhouses. The increased humidity and protection from pests in the greenhouse can lead to healthier plants and higher yields. Zucchini and summer squash plants are relatively large, and the open structure of tunnel greenhouses allows for adequate space for their growth.​   Beans: Both bush and pole beans can be cultivated in tunnel greenhouses. The protection from bad weather and the ability to control the initial growing environment (such as starting seeds early) helps in getting a successful bean crop. The light and temperature conditions in tunnel greenhouses are suitable for the growth and flowering of bean plants. ​    

Greenhouses are engineered ecosystems designed to maximize plant growth by controlling environmental variables. However, their effectiveness hinges on one critical decision: site selection. A poorly chosen location can negate even the most advanced greenhouse technology, while a well-selected site enhances energy efficiency, crop yield, and operational sustainability. This article explores the scientific and practical considerations for identifying an ideal greenhouse site.     1. Geographical and Climatic Alignment   A greenhouse’s geographical position must align with its intended purpose and local climate:   Latitude and Sunlight Exposure: At higher latitudes (e.g., northern Europe), maximizing winter sunlight is critical. East-west oriented greenhouses capture more low-angle sunlight, whereas north-south orientations suit equatorial regions to avoid overheating.   Microclimate Variability: Local topography influences frost pockets, wind patterns, and humidity. For example, valleys may trap cold air, increasing heating costs, while hilltops face stronger winds requiring robust structural designs.   Seasonal Extremes: Sites prone to monsoons, hailstorms, or heavy snowfall demand reinforced structures. Historical climate data (10+ years) should inform risk assessments.   2. Soil and Hydrology   Soil Composition: While hydroponic systems reduce soil dependency, traditional greenhouses require well-drained, stable soil. Sandy loam soils (pH 6.0–6.5) are ideal for drainage and root health. A soil test for salinity, contaminants, and nematodes is mandatory.   Water Table and Drainage: High water tables (>1.5m below surface) risk root rot. Permeable substrates or raised beds may mitigate this. Slope gradients of 2–5% facilitate natural drainage without erosion.   Water Source Quality: Irrigation water must meet pH (5.5–7.0) and EC (electrical conductivity) thresholds. Saline or alkaline water necessitates treatment systems (e.g., reverse osmosis).     3. Energy and Infrastructure Synergy   Proximity to Utilities: Grid-connected greenhouses benefit from stable electricity for lighting, heating, and automation. Off-grid sites require renewable energy systems (solar, biomass), increasing upfront costs.   Thermal Efficiency: Locating greenhouses near waste heat sources (e.g., factories, compost facilities) can reduce heating expenses by 30–50%.   Transportation Networks: Perishable crops demand quick access to markets. A site within 50 km of highways or distribution hubs minimizes post-harvest losses.   4. Environmental and Regulatory Compliance   Zoning Laws: Agricultural zoning often prohibits chemical storage or worker housing. Mixed-use zones may require permits for structures exceeding height limits.   Ecological Impact: Wetlands, migratory bird corridors, or endangered species habitats may restrict construction. Environmental impact assessments (EIAs) are legally required in many regions.   Light Pollution: Greenhouses with artificial lighting near residential areas may face regulations to minimize light spillage affecting communities.       5. Future-Proofing and Scalability   Expansion Potential: Ensure adjacent land is available for future scaling. Fragmented plots or disputed ownership complicates growth.   Climate Change Resilience: Projected temperature rises, shifting rainfall patterns, and extreme weather frequency should influence site selection. Coastal sites, for instance, face rising sea-level risks.   Technological Integration: Sites should accommodate emerging technologies (e.g., AI-driven sensors, vertical farming modules). Flat, open terrains simplify automation retrofitting.   Case Study: Netherlands’ Greenhouse Success The Netherlands, a global leader in greenhouse agriculture, exemplifies meticulous site selection. Greenhouses cluster in the Westland region due to:   Maritime climate moderating temperature extremes.   Proximity to Rotterdam Port for global exports.   Sandy soils with natural drainage.   Collaborative energy grids sharing waste heat from industries.     Conclusion  

The Venlo greenhouse, originating from the Netherlands' eponymous city, has become a global benchmark for high-efficiency protected cultivation. Renowned for its modular design and climate control precision, this greenhouse model revolutionizes year-round crop production. Below, we explore its defining features and why it remains a favorite among horticulturists.     1. Structural Simplicity and Strength The Venlo greenhouse employs a lightweight yet robust aluminum frame with a narrow profile, minimizing shadows while maximizing light penetration. Its symmetrical A-shaped roof, composed of modular bays, allows efficient rainwater drainage and snow load distribution. The design’s scalability—expandable by adding bays—makes it adaptable to farms of all sizes.   2. High-Performance Glass Cladding Unlike traditional plastic greenhouses, Venlo structures use ultra-clear float glass with anti-reflective coatings. This glass transmits up to 97% of sunlight, crucial for photosynthesis in low-light seasons. Its steep roof angle (typically 23°) prevents dirt accumulation, ensuring consistent light quality—a game-changer for light-sensitive crops like tomatoes and orchids.     3. Integrated Climate Management Precision defines the Venlo system. Automated roof vents, coordinated with horizontal airflow fans, enable rapid temperature and humidity regulation. Advanced setups integrate:   Semi-closed systems that recirculate dehumidified air.   CO₂ enrichment systems fueled by recovered industrial emissions.   Dynamic shading screens that adjust to solar intensity.   These features maintain a ±0.5°C temperature variance, mimicking ideal growing conditions even in extreme climates.     4. Resource Efficiency Venlo greenhouses epitomize sustainability:   Rainwater harvesting: Roof-collected water is sterilized and reused for irrigation.   Thermal screens: Retain heat at night, cutting energy use by 40%.   Cogeneration systems: Many facilities pair with CHP (combined heat and power) plants, utilizing excess heat and CO₂ from electricity generation.     5. Automation Readiness The structure’s uniformity supports seamless integration with:   Robotic harvesters   AI-driven disease detection cameras   Hydroponic nutrient dosing systems   This compatibility positions Venlo greenhouses at the forefront of smart farming.   Global Adaptability From Dubai’s deserts to Canada’s tundras, Venlo greenhouses demonstrate remarkable versatility. In 2022, a Venlo facility in Inner Mongolia achieved lettuce yields 20 times higher than local open-field farming despite -30°C winters, using geothermal energy and LED interlighting.   Conclusion The Venlo greenhouse isn’t merely a structure—it’s a climate-controlled ecosystem optimizing every watt of energy and photon of light. By blending Dutch engineering pragmatism with cutting-edge agritech, it addresses global food security challenges while reducing agriculture’s environmental footprint. As vertical farming and lab-grown foods gain attention, the Venlo model remains a testament to how innovation

Greenhouses are marvels of agricultural engineering, allowing crops to flourish in controlled environments regardless of external weather. Yet, maintaining this delicate balance hinges on one often-overlooked system: ventilation. From sprawling commercial farms to backyard hobby setups, effective ventilation is the invisible hand that ensures plants thrive. Here’s how it works—and why it matters.     Why Ventilation Is Non-Negotiable Plants are living laboratories, constantly exchanging gases, releasing moisture, and absorbing light. In an enclosed greenhouse, temperatures can soar to lethal levels within minutes on a sunny day, while humidity can spike, creating a breeding ground for pathogens. Without ventilation, carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels—critical for photosynthesis—plummet as plants consume it, stifling growth.   Ventilation tackles these challenges by:   Regulating temperature: Preventing overheating by expelling excess heat.   Managing humidity: Reducing moisture buildup to deter mold and fungal diseases.   Ensuring CO₂ replenishment: Bringing in fresh air to fuel photosynthesis.   Strengthening plants: Gentle airflow stimulates stronger stems and roots.   Natural vs. Mechanical: A Tale of Two Systems     Natural Ventilation: Harnessing Physics   The oldest and most energy-efficient method relies on thermal dynamics. Warm air rises, escaping through roof vents, while cooler air enters via side vents or roll-up walls. Modern greenhouses often automate this process using temperature-sensitive actuators.   Pros: Low cost, zero energy use, ideal for mild climates.   Cons: Limited control in extreme weather; less effective for large structures.       Mechanical Ventilation: Precision Through Technology   For larger operations or harsh climates, fans and exhaust systems take charge. These systems can include:   Exhaust fans: Pull hot air out while drawing fresh air through intake shutters.   Circulation fans: Promote even airflow to prevent “dead zones.”   Evaporative cooling: Combines fans with water pads to lower temperatures.   Pros: Highly controllable, effective in all climates.   Cons: Higher energy costs; requires maintenance.     Smart Tech: The Rise of Climate Intelligence   Today’s greenhouses are increasingly “smart.” IoT sensors monitor real-time data—temperature, humidity, CO₂, and even wind speed—feeding it to AI-powered systems that adjust vents or fans autonomously. For example:   In the Netherlands, high-tech greenhouses use predictive algorithms to anticipate weather changes, adjusting ventilation hours in advance.   Vertical farms in Japan integrate ventilation with LED lighting schedules, mimicking natural breezes to strengthen crops.   Such innovations slash energy use by up to 30% while boosting yields, proving that ventilation isn’t just about survival—it’s about optimization.     Case Study: Saving Strawberries with Strategic Airflow   In California’s Salinas Valley, a strawberry farm battled persistent powdery mildew, a humidity-loving fungus. By upgrading to a hybrid ventilation system (automated roof vents + horizontal airflow fans), they reduced humidity spikes by 40% and increased yields by 18%—without fungicides.   The Future: Sustainable and Self-Sufficient Systems Researchers are pushing boundaries to make ventilation greener:   Solar-powered vents: Using photovoltaic panels to drive zero-emission airflow.   Phase-change materials: Walls that absorb excess heat by day and release it at night.   Bio-inspired designs: Mimicking termite mound structures to create passive, ultra-efficient airflow.   Conclusion: Breathing Life into Agriculture

Greenhouses are incredible structures that allow us to grow plants in controlled environments, regardless of the weather outside. However, one of the challenges of greenhouse farming is managing the amount of sunlight that enters the structure. Too much sunlight can lead to overheating, which can damage plants and reduce their growth. This is where a greenhouse external shading system comes into play.     What is a Greenhouse External Shading System? A greenhouse external shading system is a mechanism installed on the outside of a greenhouse to regulate the amount of sunlight that enters the structure. It typically consists of shading screens or curtains made from materials that reflect or absorb sunlight. These screens can be adjusted to control the intensity of light and heat inside the greenhouse, creating an optimal environment for plant growth.     How Does It Work? The external shading system is usually mounted on the roof or sides of the greenhouse. It can be operated manually or automatically, depending on the sophistication of the system. Here’s how it works:   Light Regulation: The shading screens are designed to block a certain percentage of sunlight. This helps to prevent the greenhouse from becoming too hot, especially during the summer months when the sun is at its strongest.   Temperature Control: By reducing the amount of direct sunlight, the shading system helps to maintain a stable temperature inside the greenhouse. This is crucial for plants that are sensitive to temperature fluctuations.   Energy Efficiency: External shading systems can also contribute to energy savings. By reducing the heat load inside the greenhouse, less energy is needed for cooling systems, such as fans or air conditioning.   Protection from UV Rays: Some shading materials are designed to filter out harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays, which can damage plants and reduce their growth.     Types of External Shading Systems There are several types of external shading systems, each with its own advantages:   Fixed Shading Systems: These are permanent structures that provide a constant level of shading. They are simple and cost-effective but do not offer the flexibility to adjust the amount of light.   Retractable Shading Systems: These systems allow the shading screens to be rolled up or down as needed. They offer greater control over light and temperature, making them ideal for greenhouses that experience varying weather conditions.   Automated Shading Systems: These are the most advanced type of shading systems. They are equipped with sensors that monitor light levels and temperature inside the greenhouse. The system automatically adjusts the shading screens to maintain optimal growing conditions.       Benefits of External Shading Systems Improved Plant Health: By controlling the amount of sunlight and heat, external shading systems help to create a more stable environment for plants, leading to healthier growth and higher yields.   Energy Savings: Reducing the need for artificial cooling systems can lead to significant energy savings, making the greenhouse more sustainable and cost-effective.   Extended Growing Season: With better control over the internal environment, greenhouses can extend the growing season, allowing for the cultivation of crops that might not otherwise thrive in certain climates.   Protection from Extreme Weather: External shading systems can also provide some protection from extreme weather conditions, such as hail or heavy rain, which could otherwise damage the greenhouse structure or the plants inside.     Conclusion A greenhouse external shading system is an essential tool for modern greenhouse farming. It helps to regulate light and temperature, creating an optimal environment for plant growth while also contributing to energy efficiency and sustainability. Whether you’re a commercial grower or a hobbyist gardener, investing in a shading system can make a significant difference in the success of your greenhouse. So, the next time you step into a greenhouse and notice how perfectly balanced the environment feels, remember that there’s likely a sophisticated external shading system working behind the scenes to make it all possible!

Petal hydroponic tower is a vertical hydroponic growing system designed to maximize space and efficiently grow a variety of plants, especially in urban environments or areas with limited horizontal space. The system is characterized by its unique "petal" structure, where multiple growing spaces are arranged in a flower-like shape, resembling petals around a central core. This innovative design allows for high-density planting and efficient water and nutrient distribution. Key Features of Petal Hydroponic Towers: Vertical Design: The tower utilizes vertical space to grow plants, making it ideal for small spaces like rooftops, balconies, or indoor environments. Modular Structure: Many petal hydroponic towers are modular, meaning you can expand or adjust the tower's size to fit your specific needs. Efficient Use of Water and Nutrients: Hydroponic systems, including petal towers, use water and nutrient solutions to nourish plants directly through their roots. The water is typically recirculated, reducing water waste compared to traditional soil-based farming. Aeration and Oxygenation: The tower design often allows for better airflow and oxygenation around the roots, promoting healthier plant growth. Low Maintenance: Since the system is designed to be self-contained with minimal intervention, it's relatively low-maintenance compared to traditional soil farming. Space-Saving: With the vertical structure, petal hydroponic towers enable you to grow a large number of plants in a small footprint, making them suitable for urban farming or indoor gardening. Benefits of Petal Hydroponic Towers: Space Efficiency: Ideal for urban farming or places with limited space, such as apartments or cities with high land costs. Higher Yield in Smaller Areas: The vertical structure allows for high-density planting, leading to increased yields compared to traditional horizontal farming. Water Conservation: Hydroponic systems use less water than traditional soil-based farming because water is recirculated through the system, reducing waste. Faster Plant Growth: Hydroponic systems often promote faster growth due to optimal nutrient delivery and fewer soil-related issues (e.g., pests, disease). Cleaner and More Sustainable: Since there is no soil involved, the system reduces the risk of soil erosion and often requires fewer pesticides or herbicides. Applications: Urban Farming: Petal hydroponic towers are ideal for urban farming initiatives, rooftop gardens, and small-scale commercial agriculture in cities. Indoor Gardening: They can be used indoors to grow herbs, vegetables, or even flowers in homes, offices, or restaurants. Educational Purposes: Petal towers are often used in schools or institutions to teach students about hydroponic growing methods and sustainability. Overall, a petal hydroponic tower is an efficient, space-saving, and sustainable solution for growing plants without soil, making it a popular choice for both home gardeners and commercial growers looking to maximize space and resources.

The Future of Sustainable Agriculture: Retractable Roof Greenhouses As the world continues to face challenges such as climate change, food security, and resource scarcity, innovative agricultural technologies are stepping in to provide solutions. One such breakthrough is the retractable roof greenhouse, a cutting-edge system that allows farmers, gardeners, and researchers to adjust their growing environment with precision. But what exactly is a retractable roof greenhouse, and why is it gaining popularity in both commercial and private horticulture? Let’s explore the characteristics and advantages of this game-changing agricultural tool. What is a Retractable Roof Greenhouse? At its core, a retractable roof greenhouse is a type of greenhouse that features a roof that can open or close, giving the grower control over the amount of sunlight, air circulation, and temperature inside. Unlike traditional greenhouses, where the structure is fixed, a retractable roof offers the flexibility to adapt to changing weather conditions. The roof can either slide open horizontally or fold back, depending on the design, and can be operated manually or automatically. This system is commonly used in commercial agriculture, research institutions, and even in private home gardens, where plant care is key to optimal growth. By integrating technology into greenhouse design, it provides more natural environmental conditions for plants while minimizing the need for artificial climate control. Key Characteristics of Retractable Roof Greenhouses Adjustable Roof The most defining feature of these greenhouses is their retractable roof, which can be opened or closed depending on the needs of the plants or external weather conditions. Some systems allow partial opening, giving flexibility to adjust the amount of exposure to sunlight, humidity, and airflow. Automated Control Systems Many retractable roof greenhouses come equipped with automated control systems that can monitor temperature, humidity, light levels, and other environmental factors. These systems can open or close the roof based on preset conditions, ensuring the greenhouse environment remains ideal for plant growth without constant manual intervention. Climate Adaptability The ability to change the greenhouse's internal climate by retracting or extending the roof makes it suitable for a variety of plants that thrive under different environmental conditions. Whether it’s a cold winter day that requires warmth or a hot summer afternoon where ventilation is crucial, the retractable roof adapts to the moment. Ventilation and Air Circulation Retractable roofs allow for natural ventilation when opened, promoting airflow and reducing the need for mechanical fans or air conditioning systems. This improves the oxygen supply for plants and helps prevent overheating in the greenhouse during warmer weather. Advantages of Retractable Roof Greenhouses Improved Plant Growth One of the biggest advantages of a retractable roof greenhouse is the ability to provide plants with optimal growing conditions. Sunlight is crucial for photosynthesis, and while traditional greenhouses filter or block natural sunlight to some degree, a retractable roof can provide full sunlight when needed. This increases the photosynthetic activity of plants, resulting in faster growth and potentially higher yields. Energy Efficiency Retractable roof greenhouses can be much more energy-efficient than traditional greenhouses. By using natural sunlight and ventilation, the need for artificial lighting and air conditioning is significantly reduced. This lowers the operational costs for farmers and greenhouse owners, making it more sustainable in the long run. Climate Control With the ability to regulate the amount of sunlight and temperature inside the greenhouse, retractable roof systems allow for a more precise climate control. During cooler months, closing the roof helps retain warmth, while opening it during the warmer months prevents overheating. This is particularly beneficial for crops that are sensitive to temperature fluctuations. Protection from Extreme Weather Retractable roof greenhouses provide the ability to protect plants from extreme weather conditions such as hailstorms, heavy rain, or high winds. When the weather takes a turn for the worse, the roof can be closed to shield plants from potential damage, offering an added layer of protection over traditional greenhouse designs. Sustainability Because retractable roofs reduce the need for artificial heating, cooling, and lighting, they contribute to more sustainable agricultural practices. By harnessing natural resources like sunlight and wind, these greenhouses promote energy savings, reduce carbon footprints, and help preserve natural ecosystems. Applications of Retractable Roof Greenhouses The versatility of retractable roof greenhouses makes them suitable for a variety of uses: Commercial Agriculture: Large-scale farming operations benefit from the energy savings and climate control provided by retractable roofs. This is especially important in growing high-value crops such as tomatoes, cucumbers, or flowers that require precise environmental conditions. Research Facilities: Retractable roof greenhouses are often used in research settings to simulate different climatic conditions and study how plants react to changing environments. Scientists can adjust the roof to expose plants to different amounts of sunlight, rainfall, and humidity, helping to advance our understanding of plant biology. Private Gardens: For hobbyists and home gardeners, retractable roof greenhouses provide the opportunity to grow a wide variety of plants year-round. The adjustable roof allows for easy access to sunlight and air circulation, making it easier to care for delicate plants. The Future of Greenhouses As agriculture continues to evolve, the demand for more sustainable, efficient, and adaptable farming solutions grows. The retractable roof greenhouse represents an exciting development in this area, offering numerous benefits for both large-scale commercial growers and home gardeners alike. With the ability to improve plant health, conserve energy, and adapt to varying environmental conditions, retractable roof greenhouses are paving the way for more efficient and eco-friendly agriculture practices. In conclusion, the retractable roof greenhouse is not just a modern innovation—it’s a glimpse into the future of sustainable farming. Whether for research, commercial agriculture, or private use, its advantages in energy efficiency, climate control, and plant growth make it an exciting development that could revolutionize the way we think about growing food and other crops. As technology advances, we may soon see even more integrated systems that optimize the growing environment to its fullest potential, ensuring a greener, more sustainable future for generations to come. This article should give readers a clear understanding of what retractable roof greenhouses are, how they work, and why they are a valuable addition to the world of modern agriculture.

A Promising Partnership: A Qatar-Based Customer Visits Our Greenhouse Factory in Chengdu, China   We recently had the pleasure of hosting a distinguished customer from Qatar at our factory in Chengdu, China. As one of the leading manufacturers of high-quality greenhouses, it was a great opportunity to showcase our advanced greenhouse solutions and innovative products. Our guest was impressed by our facility, and after an insightful tour and detailed discussions, the customer is now planning to move forward with purchasing a multi-span greenhouse and fertilizer applicator for their agricultural operations in Qatar.   A Warm Welcome and a Comprehensive Factory Tour Upon arrival, our customer was warmly welcomed by our team, who gave them an in-depth tour of our manufacturing plant. Our state-of-the-art factory in Chengdu is equipped with the latest technology and tools to ensure that every greenhouse we produce is of the highest quality. During the visit, the customer had the chance to see the entire production process—from the fabrication of greenhouse frames to the assembly of structural components. Our team demonstrated the robust construction methods we use to build our multi-span greenhouses, which are known for their durability, efficiency, and versatility.   Our customer was particularly impressed with the versatility of the multi-span greenhouse, which offers extensive space for crop cultivation. The design of these greenhouses maximizes ventilation, light transmission, and space utilization, making them ideal for a variety of climates and crop types, including those in the Middle East. Qatar's hot and arid climate presents unique challenges for agriculture, and our multi-span greenhouses are designed to provide the optimal growing environment by regulating temperature and humidity effectively. Interest in Fertilizer Applicator: Enhancing Agricultural Efficiency In addition to our greenhouses, the customer was highly interested in our fertilizer applicator, a cutting-edge piece of equipment that ensures precise and efficient fertilizer distribution. This applicator is designed to reduce waste, optimize fertilizer use, and improve crop yields, making it an excellent investment for commercial farms.   Our fertilizer applicator utilizes advanced technology to ensure even and accurate application of fertilizers, which is crucial for ensuring healthy and productive crops. The customer expressed particular interest in using this equipment for their agricultural projects in Qatar, where resource efficiency is a top priority due to the region's limited water and land resources.   Plans for Purchase and Future Collaboration After their visit, our customer was confident in the quality of our products and plans to purchase a multi-span greenhouse for their agricultural operations in Qatar. The multi-span greenhouse, along with the fertilizer applicator, will enable them to create a controlled environment for year-round crop cultivation, making it possible to grow high-value crops in an area with challenging environmental conditions. Our customer also expressed a strong interest in further collaboration with our company to explore additional greenhouse technologies and innovations that could help improve agricultural productivity in Qatar. As part of our commitment to providing tailored solutions, we are excited to work closely with them in the future, ensuring that the greenhouses and equipment meet their specific needs and expectations.   A Bright Future Ahead This visit marks the beginning of what we hope will be a long and fruitful partnership. We are excited to have the opportunity to support agricultural development in Qatar by providing high-quality greenhouse solutions and advanced equipment. Our multi-span greenhouses, combined with our fertilizer applicator, are the perfect tools to help our customer enhance their farming operations, improve crop yields, and achieve sustainable growth.   At our factory in Chengdu, we continue to focus on innovation, quality, and customer satisfaction, and we look forward to helping our international clients, including those in the Middle East, achieve success in their agricultural ventures. We are confident that our greenhouses will provide the ideal environment for optimal plant growth in Qatar's challenging climate, and we are eager to continue supporting our customers with tailored solutions that drive productivity and efficiency.   In conclusion, we are proud to have hosted our customer from Qatar and look forward to a lasting partnership. We are excited about the future and are committed to providing top-notch greenhouse systems and agricultural solutions to help our clients succeed worldwide.

In April 2024, three customers from Mongolia came to Chengdu, China. Visit the agricultural greenhouse project of Sichuan Aixiang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. and discuss the design of the greenhouse project.   The customers visited our glass greenhouse project and were very interested in the hydroponic system in the greenhouse. They hope to grow crops such as strawberries in the greenhouse. Based on customer feedback and the local climate conditions and wind force in Mongolia, we specially selected the strongest greenhouse frame for customers, and configured ventilation system, hydroponic system and shading system according to customer needs.   The customers are very satisfied with our service and think that our design is very responsible, the materials are very strong and durable, and the quotation of the greenhouse is very reasonable. There is no behavior of lowering the quotation by using weak materials, but relying on the actual climate conditions to carry out design and discussion based on local conditions.   In the afternoon, we led the customers to visit the Chinese pandas and Chinese dramas, allowing customers to feel the profound Chinese cultural heritage. Finally, at dinner, the customers signed a contract with us and look forward to the next cooperation.

One of the hottest trends in commercial growing is utilizing Retractable Roof Greenhouses. These greenhouses allow you to reap the benefits of both full sun growing and greenhouse growing year-round. Roofs totally open so that plants receive maximum light and infra-red radiation during the early morning and late afternoon to warm up plants to maximize photosynthesis. The ability to cover or uncover your plants at any moment ensures that your crops will be able to survive the hottest summers and the coldest winters. The retractable roof can automatically be fully closed, fully retracted or partially closed to create the best possible environment for the crop based on the outside weather conditions.     Enhanced Cooling With all the trapped heat and energy in greenhouses, retractable roof greenhouses enhance the cooling effect. A ventilation system is not big enough to exhaust heat as quickly as greenhouses take them in. Retractable roof greenhouses take trapped heat out of the equation.       Flat Roof The retractable flat roof greenhouses are an affordable way to protect rain tolerant crops from excessive heat, cold, and wind. There is a wide variety of water porous roof coverings and structural designs that allow for the optimal balance between crop requirements, environmental conditions, and the level of investment. This style is best suited for tropical/semi-tropical regions with arid dry conditions.

It is well known that greenhouses are used to increase the temperature so that vegetables can grow normally in winter. However, with the promotion and use of standardized greenhouses in recent years, we have found that some greenhouses can still carry out normal summer seedling cultivation, vegetable and flower growth work even in the hot summer. In some greenhouses, the temperature in the greenhouse is as high as 40 to 50 degrees at noon in summer, and no plants can grow. The factors that affect the internal temperature of the greenhouse are mainly light and ventilation.   1. External electric shading system of greenhouses At present, the external shading nets of multi-span greenhouses are mostly round wire black nets with a shading rate of 75%. This kind of shading net is slightly more expensive, but the effective service life is up to five years. In summer, the top of the greenhouse is driven by a motor to drive the transmission system to unfold the shading net, which can block most of the sunlight outside the greenhouse and effectively reduce the indoor greenhouse by 3 to 5 degrees Celsius.   2. Natural ventilation system of greenhouse The natural ventilation system is to install vents around or on the top of the greenhouse. Due to the principle of hot air floating, the hot air in the greenhouse will be dissipated to the outside through the vents on the top, which can also have a certain cooling effect. However, under the best natural ventilation conditions, it can only achieve the effect of outdoor temperature.     3. Fan water curtain forced exhaust cooling system The principle of fan water curtain forced cooling is to arrange the fan and water curtain on the opposite side of the greenhouse. The fan exhausts the high-temperature air in the room by exhausting air to the outside of the greenhouse, and then the outdoor air absorbs heat and cools down after the evaporation of the water curtain. The cool air enters the greenhouse to achieve the cooling effect. What do you pay most attention to? The number and power of the fans, the layout area of ​​the water curtain, and the air humidity will affect its cooling effect. Through reasonable layout, the temperature inside the greenhouse can reach 28 degrees Celsius in the hot summer. 4. High-pressure spray system The water particles released into the air by the spray cooling system absorb a large amount of heat from the surrounding environment during the vaporization process, thereby reducing the temperature of the surrounding environment. It is an effective means of preventing heatstroke and cooling down. By installing the high-pressure spray system on the top of the greenhouse, it can effectively reduce the temperature. (This cooling method is widely used in greenhouse production in the Netherlands)

Light Deprivation Greenhouse Benefits   Light-deprivation greenhouses control light duration and intensity to increase yield and quality and extend the growing season. Plant flowering time is controlled by intrinsic genetic factors and environmental signals, with photoperiod being a key environmental signal affecting plant growth and development. Plants, like humans, perceive day and night changes through light and regulate their physiological activities, such as germination, leaf growth, flowering, and seed formation. Modern agricultural technology uses light-deprivation greenhouses to regulate the growth cycle of crops. For example, the shading system of a light-deprivation greenhouse can precisely block natural light, ensuring complete darkness when plants need it. The lighting system can simulate the spectrum and intensity of sunlight, providing different light cycles according to the needs of the plants. Whether your plants require long or short daylight, light-deprivation greenhouses can help you break the environmental limitations of crop growth imposed by the seasons, providing ideal growing conditions year-round.   Since light-deprivation greenhouses use blackout curtains, these materials offer excellent insulation, helping to maintain optimal temperature conditions within the greenhouse. Additionally, blackout curtains effectively prevent light pollution from growing lights at night. This feature is crucial for protecting the surrounding environment and ensuring the well-being of nearby residents. By blocking excessive light emissions, blackout curtains contribute to a more sustainable and community-friendly growing operation.   Light Deprivation Greenhouse Applications   Light-deprivation greenhouses are highly effective in regulating the photoperiod necessary for plant growth by controlling crop lighting. They are primarily used for the cultivation of the following crops and scenarios: Medicinal Plants: Cannabis is one of the most common medicinal plants requiring a light-deprivation greenhouse. By controlling light, its growth cycle and quality can be optimized. These greenhouses can currently harvest 3-4 seasons per year. Flowers: High-end flowers like tulips and chrysanthemums often grow in light-deprived greenhouses. Precise light control helps enhance the flowers’ ornamental value and market price.   Vegetables: Crops such as mushrooms are also suitable for cultivation in light-deprivation greenhouses, ensuring they grow under optimal conditions.   Research Laboratories: Some research labs that require full light shielding also need light-deprivation greenhouses to precisely control experimental conditions.  

Plastic greenhouse vegetable cultivation often causes excessive toxic gases in the greenhouse due to improper fertilization methods and neglect of ventilation, which harms vegetables and is often misdiagnosed as diseases, resulting in poor or even total harvest.      Hazards:   1. Nitrogen Due to excessive application of quick-acting fertilizers such as urea and thiourea sulfate, or improper fertilization methods, such as the application of uncomposted organic fertilizers, ammonia is produced by decomposition under high temperature conditions in the greenhouse, which will harm vegetables and cause water-soaked spots on the leaf margin tissue. In severe cases, the entire leaf wilts and dies. It is often misdiagnosed as frost disease or other diseases. Vegetables that are sensitive to ammonia include cucumbers, tomatoes, zucchini, etc.   2. Nitrite gas Excessive application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer at one time will reduce the effect of certain bacteria and cause local acidity in the soil. When the pH value is less than 5, nitrite gas is produced, which can cause white spots on vegetable leaves, and in severe cases, the entire leaf turns white and dies. It is often misdiagnosed as powdery mildew. Vegetables that are sensitive to nitrite gas include eggplant, cucumber, zucchini, celery, pepper, etc.   3. Ethylene and chlorine If the quality of agricultural film or ground film is poor, or there is ground film residue in the ground, it is easy to volatilize and produce harmful gases such as ethylene and chlorine under the high temperature conditions in the greenhouse. When the concentration reaches a certain level, the edges or veins of vegetables can turn yellow, and then turn white. In severe cases, the whole plant will die. It is often misdiagnosed as bacterial angular leaf spot, which is particularly harmful to cucumbers. In addition, heating in winter will produce toxic gases if the fuel is not burned fully, and untimely ventilation will cause excessive accumulation of carbon dioxide. Affect vegetable production.     Prevention:   1. Reasonable fertilization. The organic fertilizer applied in the greenhouse must be fermented and humidified, the chemical fertilizer must be of high quality, and urea should be mixed with superphosphate calcium. The base fertilizer should be applied 20 cm deep, and the topdressing fertilizer should be applied to a depth of about 12 cm. Water in time after application.   2. Ventilation. In sunny and warm weather, ventilation should be carried out in combination with temperature adjustment, and ventilation should also be carried out appropriately in rainy and snowy weather.   3. Choose safe and non-toxic agricultural films and ground films, and remove waste plastics and their residues in the greenhouse in time. Technology for applying carbon dioxide to greenhouse vegetables  

The greenhouse from design to construction is a complex and systematic process, which involves many aspects, including design, material selection, construction, acceptance, etc.     1. Design stage The design stage is the first step in the construction of greenhouses and is also a crucial link. At this stage, designers need to make comprehensive considerations based on factors such as land conditions, climate conditions, and crop needs to formulate a reasonable design plan. Factors to be considered in the design plan include the structure, materials, ventilation, lighting, insulation, drainage, etc. of the greenhouse.   Many details need to be considered in the design stage, such as the height, span, column spacing, wall thickness, etc. of the greenhouse, which will affect the insulation performance, lighting performance and structural safety of the greenhouse. At the same time, designers also need to consider the use function of the greenhouse, such as whether different types of plants such as vegetables, flowers, and fruits need to be planted, and whether the greenhouse is used for agricultural production or other commercial purposes.                                                                  2. Material selection Material selection is an important part of greenhouse construction. When selecting materials, factors such as material strength, durability, insulation performance, and lighting performance need to be considered. Commonly used new greenhouse materials include bamboo and wood materials, steel frame structures, fiberglass materials, polyethylene plastics, etc. Among them, steel frame structures have the characteristics of high strength, good durability, and easy construction. They are one of the most commonly used materials in modern new greenhouse construction.   When selecting materials, local natural conditions and resource conditions must also be taken into account. For example, in the northern region, due to the cold winter, materials with good thermal insulation performance need to be selected; while in the southern region, moisture-proof issues need to be considered. At the same time, the recyclability and environmental protection of materials must also be considered to reduce construction costs and environmental impacts.     3. Construction phase The construction phase is the process of converting the design plan into actual construction. At this stage, it is necessary to strictly abide by the construction drawings and relevant specifications to ensure the quality of construction. The construction content includes foundation treatment, column installation, wall construction, and covering material installation.   During the construction process, attention should be paid to construction safety and environmental protection. For example, when building a greenhouse, corresponding safety measures need to be taken to prevent personal injury; at the same time, attention should be paid to the hygiene and cleanliness of the construction site to prevent environmental pollution. In addition, it is also necessary to consider the construction progress and cost-effectiveness, and reasonably arrange construction time and resource investment.     4. Acceptance stage The acceptance stage is the last link in the construction process of the greenhouse. At this stage, the structure, materials, construction quality, etc. of the greenhouse need to be comprehensively inspected and evaluated. The acceptance criteria include relevant national specifications and industry standards, as well as the expected effects of the design scheme.   During the acceptance process, the following points need to be noted: First, it is necessary to ensure the structural safety and stability of the greenhouse; second, it is necessary to check whether the quality and specifications of the materials meet the requirements; finally, it is necessary to evaluate whether the insulation performance, lighting performance, ventilation performance, etc. of the greenhouse meet the expected effects. Only after the acceptance is qualified can it be officially put into use.

There are many types of greenhouses. Customers can build greenhouses of different types and sizes according to their needs. Diversified greenhouses have greatly promoted the development of agriculture. Greenhouses are one of many types of greenhouses. Compared with other types of greenhouses, they have certain advantages. It is precisely with these advantages that they have won the recognition of many customers. Although greenhouses are widely used in the market, many details need to be paid attention to when building greenhouses to ensure the overall quality of greenhouses. So, what requirements are required for greenhouses to be of qualified quality?                                 1. Good light transmission effect. Greenhouses are lighting buildings. Therefore, when building greenhouses, certain light transmission conditions must be met. Light transmittance is the basic indicator for evaluating the light transmission performance of greenhouses. Light transmittance refers to the percentage of light entering the greenhouse and the amount of outdoor light. The light transmittance of the greenhouse is affected by the light transmission performance of the greenhouse light-transmitting covering material and the shadow rate of the greenhouse stock price. Later, with the different angles of solar radiation in different seasons, the light transmittance of the greenhouse is also changing at any time. Then the light transmittance becomes a direct factor affecting crop growth and the selection of plant species.     2. Good thermal insulation performance. By improving the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse, energy consumption can be reduced as much as possible. The thermal insulation ratio of the greenhouse is an important indicator for measuring the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse. The thermal insulation ratio of the greenhouse refers to the ratio of the coverage area of ​​the greenhouse light-transmitting material with smaller thermal resistance to the coverage area of ​​the greenhouse maintenance structure with larger thermal resistance. The larger the thermal insulation ratio, the better the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse.     3. Durability. The durability of the greenhouse is affected by the aging resistance of the greenhouse material. The durability of the light-transmitting material is affected by factors such as the bearing capacity of the main structure of the greenhouse. In addition to its own strength, the durability of the light-transmitting material also reflects the continuous attenuation of the material's light transmittance over time. The attenuation degree of light transmittance is the determining factor affecting the service life of the light-transmitting material. Since the greenhouse is in a high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time, the anti-corrosion of the surface of the structure is also one of the important factors affecting the service life of the greenhouse.

Glass greenhouse refers to a greenhouse that uses glass as lighting material. It is a type of greenhouse. Among cultivation facilities, glass greenhouse is a form with a long service life and is suitable for use in various regions and various climatic conditions. The industry is divided into different construction models based on the size of span and bay, and also divided into different use methods: vegetable glass greenhouse, flower glass greenhouse, seedling glass greenhouse, ecological glass greenhouse, scientific research glass greenhouse, three-dimensional glass greenhouse, special-shaped glass greenhouse Glass greenhouse, leisure glass greenhouse, smart glass greenhouse and so on. Its area and use method can be freely adjusted by the greenhouse owner. The smallest one is the courtyard leisure type, the largest one can reach more than 8 meters in height, the span can reach 12 meters, the maximum bay can reach 8 meters, and the intelligence can reach one-button control. A variety of heating methods can be used for winter heating in glass greenhouses, and their energy consumption costs are in the middle and are generally acceptable. 1. Characteristics Of Glass Greenhouse   ① Large lighting area and uniform illumination. ② Long use time and relatively high strength. ③ It has strong anti-corrosion and flame retardancy. ④ More than 90% light transmission and does not decay over time. 2. Glass Greenhouse Greenhouse Structure   The main structure is made of hot-dip galvanized pipes, and the covering material is made of solar panels, ordinary or insulating glass, and is inlaid with greenhouse-specific aluminum alloy profiles. The connection between the edges and the aluminum alloy profiles is sealed with anti-aging ethylene-propylene rubber strips. 3. Glass Greenhouse Ventilation   The purpose of glass greenhouse ventilation is mainly to remove the waste heat and moisture in the greenhouse, adjust the air composition in the greenhouse, eliminate harmful gases, and make the ambient temperature, humidity and air conditions in the greenhouse suitable for plant growth requirements. Ventilation is divided into two methods: natural ventilation through top windows and forced ventilation and cooling through fans and water curtains.   4. Greenhouse Configuration And Cost First of all, the composition of a glass greenhouse is mainly composed of a greenhouse frame (mainly a steel structure), the covering material is glass (divided into tempered glass and ordinary glass), an intelligent management system, and a cooling and ventilation system based on fan wet curtains , consisting of internal and external thermal insulation and shading systems and various spare parts!

The types of multi-span greenhouses on the market are classified differently according to different covering materials, and are also different from single-span greenhouses. The details are as follows:       1. Sawtooth multi-span greenhouse Greenhouses with vertical vents on the roof are collectively called Sawtooth greenhouses. Sawtooth greenhouses can be divided into half-arch and full-arch. The roofing materials are mostly made of plastic film or PC board. This kind of greenhouse has larger vents than the round-arch greenhouse, so the ventilation effect is better. However, the insulation effect is average and when building a Sawtooth greenhouse, special attention should be paid to the local wind direction.       2. Round arched multi-span greenhouse The dome-shaped multi-span greenhouse adopts a semicircular or reasonable curved skeleton form as the roof structure. It is the most commonly used building shape for plastic film greenhouses. It can also be used for PC board greenhouses. Its structure is simple, the stress is clear, the roof slope is gentle, and the opening The window position is flexible and the cost is low. In the south, single-layer films are mostly used to increase light transmittance. In the north, in order to reduce energy consumption in winter, single-layer plastic films are changed to double-layer plastic films.   3. Venlon greenhouse The Venlo type greenhouse is a small-roofed double-slope greenhouse. It splits the roof of the ridge-type greenhouse into 2 to 4 small roofs of 3.2 (or 4m) m each span, which reduces the roof height and thus reduces the wind Effect of load. The roof frame is an aluminum alloy profile, and the covering material is mostly made of glass or PC boards. The Venlo-type greenhouse components have small cross-sections, resulting in higher light transmittance of this type of greenhouse. In addition, it has a long service life, strong environmental control capabilities, and large operating space. Large, it is currently the most widely used large-space multi-span glass greenhouse in the world.     Multi-span greenhouses have many advantages over single-span greenhouses, so the construction area of multi-span greenhouses is getting larger and larger. Here are the main advantages and disadvantages of a multi-span greenhouse. Advantages:   Better control of the environment. As the air volume of a multi-span greenhouse increases, the fluctuations in indoor temperature will decrease. The ratio of the enclosure surface area to the ground area of a small greenhouse is large, and the enclosure surface is the main way for the greenhouse to gain or lose heat, so the air temperature changes quickly. Heating costs are lower. Because the ratio of the enclosure surface area to the ground area is smaller, the heat loss is smaller. Moreover, the entire multi-span greenhouse space only needs to be equipped with one heating system. The land utilization rate is higher. The waste of land caused by the spacing between single-span greenhouses is overcome in multi-span greenhouses. The internal space is more fully utilized. In single-span greenhouses such as Quonset, the side walls are curved sloping walls, and the ground is not fully utilized. This problem does not exist with multi-span greenhouses. Easy to expand. An attached greenhouse extension is easily attached to an existing greenhouse by adding a few rows of gutter posts. Existing gables or side walls can be removed completely or retained for use as greenhouse partitions. Flexible partitioning. Partition walls can be installed in multi-span greenhouses to carry out zoning management in the greenhouse.       Disadvantages of multi-span greenhouses: 1. Single plant area. Without partition walls, the greenhouse would become a single growing area, limiting the possibility of growing multiple plants at the same time. 2. The initial investment is high. 3. Plant diseases and insect pests spread easily. Lack of physical barriers to prevent pests and diseases. 4. Uneven areas of hot and cold may occur. Multi-span greenhouses have a large area and are prone to ventilation dead spots, especially when circulating fans are not used. This phenomenon is more obvious. 5. The gutters may be covered with snow. Although snow in greenhouse gutters will melt when heated, it is still necessary to monitor the snow accumulation in the gutters to avoid structural damage. Multi-span greenhouses have improved the degree of automation. Arm-type sprinkler irrigation systems, hanging basket cultivation systems, hot water heating pipes and sunshade systems can be installed in the multi-span greenhouse space. Saves more manual labor. In multi-span greenhouses, workers do not have to go back and forth to each greenhouse to perform production operations like they do in single-span greenhouses. In addition, multi-span greenhouses make it easier to use equipment such as forklifts, carts, and monorail transportation to reduce the amount of manual labor. Multi-span greenhouses can prevent crops from being exposed to the cold outdoor air in winter during operation. Some multi-span greenhouses can also be built very tall to meet the space requirements for loading large trailers of animals.

In the process of greenhouse construction, the choice of greenhouse plastic film is very important. It can not only affect the growth and development of crops, but also play a protective role when disaster strikes. Therefore, choosing a suitable film has become a big problem for vegetable farmers. Today we will learn more about it.                               In many cases, vegetable farmers choose greenhouse films based on the thickness of the film, because thicker greenhouse films are easier to use and have higher thermal insulation effects. If the greenhouse is planted in a rainy and windy area, we recommend that you choose this thicker film, because this film has a strong protective effect, is not easily damaged, and is easier to maintain.   If the greenhouse planting location is in an area with drought and little rainfall, then a relatively thin film should be selected, which is not only beneficial to the photosynthesis of crops, but also cheap and reduces unnecessary expenses.                                 In the past, most greenhouse films were colorless and transparent. With the development of science and technology, light blue films have become the mainstream. In addition, films in black, purple, pink, yellow and other colors have also been born one after another, and colored films Films can change the nature of light in a greenhouse.   Compared with colorless films, colored films can increase vegetable yields and reduce pests and diseases. For example, yellow films can obviously promote the growth of cucumbers, but light blue films can increase the yield of coriander but reduce the yield of cucumbers. Therefore, we need to conduct a detailed analysis of the greenhouse film we need based on the planting area and the types of planting materials.

  Temperature and climate control:   Greenhouses provide temperature and climate control. By using heating and ventilation systems, agricultural practitioners can adjust the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse under different seasons and climate conditions to create the most suitable growing environment for crops. In contrast, traditional planting methods are subject to the natural climate and cannot precisely control temperature and climate.     Water resource utilization efficiency:   Greenhouses usually use water-saving irrigation systems, such as drip irrigation or micro-sprinkler irrigation. These systems provide precise control of water supply, delivering water directly to the plant's root zone, minimizing evaporation and wastage of water. In contrast, irrigation in traditional planting methods usually uses flood irrigation or sprinkler irrigation, which results in greater water loss.       Crop protection:   Greenhouses provide physical barriers to insects, pathogens and pests. In addition, by controlling the environmental conditions within the greenhouse, such as temperature, humidity and ventilation, the occurrence of pests and diseases can be reduced. In contrast, in traditional planting methods, crops are susceptible to pests and diseases found in the natural environment.     Extend the production season:   Greenhouses can provide stable environmental conditions, allowing the crop production season to be extended. Whether it is cold winter or hot summer, greenhouses can provide a suitable growing environment, allowing agricultural practitioners to plant and harvest throughout the year. In contrast, traditional planting methods are subject to seasonal restrictions and can only be planted during suitable seasons.       Yield and quality control:   Greenhouses provide better control of the growing environment and can optimize crop growing conditions, thereby increasing yield and quality. Agricultural practitioners can precisely control factors such as irrigation, fertilization, light and temperature, making crops grow more uniformly, quickly and healthily. In addition, crops in greenhouses are not affected by natural disasters, such as storms, hail, etc., further ensuring the stability of output and quality.     Save land and resources:   Greenhouses use technologies such as vertical planting and cascading planting to maximize the use of limited land resources. In addition, in greenhouses, agricultural practitioners can more precisely control the amount of fertilizers and pesticides used, reducing pollution to soil and water resources. In contrast, traditional planting methods usually require larger areas of land, and the application of fertilizers and pesticides is not precise enough, which can easily lead to environmental pollution and waste of resources. Compared with traditional planting methods, greenhouses have obvious advantages in temperature and climate control, water use efficiency, crop protection, production season extension, yield and quality control, and land and resource conservation. These advantages make greenhouses an efficient and sustainable way of agricultural production.

Nowadays, growing crops is almost inseparable from greenhouses. Greenhouse technology can not only improve the ability to withstand natural environmental disasters and resist droughts and floods, but can also advance or delay cultivation, extend the growth period of economic crops, and achieve early maturity, late maturity, increased and stable yields. purpose and is very popular among farmers. Due to different climates and applied research around the world, the specifications of greenhouses also vary. We will introduce and analyze several of the most common greenhouse data types in current society, talk about their advantages and disadvantages, and help friends choose a suitable greenhouse more reasonably.       1.Plastic Greenhouse Large-scale multi-span plastic greenhouse is a greenhouse type that has appeared in the past decade and has achieved rapid economic development among enterprises. Compared with glass greenhouses, it has the advantages of light weight, less skeleton material, small shading rate of structural parts, low cost, and long service life. Analysis of its environmental management and regulation learning ability basically allows us to achieve the same results as a glass greenhouse at the same time. Living standards, the use of film greenhouses worldwide is far higher than that of glass greenhouses, and has become the mainstream of the development of China's modern agricultural greenhouse industry.     2. Glass greenhouse A glass greenhouse is a greenhouse with glass as a transparent covering material. In foundation design, in addition to meeting strength requirements, it should also have sufficient stability and resistance to uneven settlement. The foundation connected to the inter-column supports should also have sufficient horizontal force transmission and spatial stability. The bottom of the greenhouse should be located below the frozen soil layer. The impact of heating on the freezing depth of the foundation can be considered based on climate and soil conditions. The foundation foundation should be more than 0.5 meters lower than the outdoor ground, and the distance between the top surface of the foundation and the outdoor ground should be greater than 0.1 meters to prevent foundation exposure and adverse effects on cultivation. Except for special requirements, the distance between the top surface of the greenhouse foundation and the indoor floor should be greater than 0.4 meters.     3. Solar Greenhouse The front slope is covered with thermal insulation at night, and the east, west and north walls are single-slope plastic greenhouses, collectively called solar greenhouses. Its prototype is a single-slope glass greenhouse. The front slope transparent covering material uses plastic film instead of glass and evolved into an early solar greenhouse. Solar greenhouses have the properties of good thermal insulation performance, low investment, and energy saving. They are very suitable for use in China's economically underdeveloped rural areas.   4. Film Greenhouse The greenhouse covering material is Film, the roof structure of the single-span arch greenhouse. The construction of film greenhouse is easy to use and requires low investment. It is a simple protected land cultivation facility. With the development of the film industry, it is widely used all over the world. Film greenhouse systems generally rely on the greenhouse environmental effect to accumulate heat without heating the room. The minimum operating temperature is generally 1~2°C higher than the outdoor temperature, and the average operating temperature is 3~10°C higher than the outdoor temperature.

The multi-span greenhouse is an economical greenhouse that is very popular among users for its beautiful arc shape and low cost. The curved roof is beautiful and elegant, and the line of sight is smooth. The structure uses a small amount of steel and has good thermal insulation performance. The manufacturing cost is relatively low and it is an economical greenhouse.                                      The multi-span greenhouse is an upgrade of the greenhouse. It is actually a super large greenhouse, or it can be understood as an expansion. Use scientific means, reasonable design, and excellent materials to connect the original independent single-room model greenhouses. Compared with traditional greenhouses, greenhouses and greenhouses in the form of continuous buildings have a brighter space utilization than traditional greenhouses, and their utilization area is much larger than traditional greenhouses.       How to dehumidify a multi-span greenhouse? Today I will talk to you about this topic. 1. Ventilation and dehumidification. Ventilation is a good way to reduce humidity. Ventilation must be carried out when the temperature is high, otherwise it will cause the indoor temperature of the multi-span greenhouse to drop. If the temperature drops too quickly during ventilation, close the vents in time to prevent the sudden drop in temperature from harming the vegetables.     2. Mulch covering. Covering with plastic film can reduce the evaporation of soil moisture and is an important measure to reduce indoor air humidity.     3. Raise temperature and lower humidity. This method can not only meet the temperature needs of vegetables, but also reduce the relative humidity of the air. When the plants grow to be resistant, water the closed shed to raise the temperature to about 30°C for 1 hour, and then ventilate and drain the moisture. It can be repeated once after 3-4 hours when the shed temperature is lower than 25℃.     4. Use thermal insulation curtain materials with good hygroscopicity. Insulation curtain materials with good moisture permeability and moisture absorption, such as non-woven fabrics, can prevent dew condensation on the surface of the greenhouse and prevent dew from falling on the plants, thereby reducing the air humidity of the multi-span greenhouse.     5. Natural moisture absorption. Materials such as straw, wheat straw, and quicklime can be used to spread between rows to absorb water vapor or fog to achieve the purpose of dehumidification.                               

The choice of greenhouse construction has strong regional suitability and is largely restricted by local climate conditions. Among them, solar radiation, winter temperature, summer temperature, relative humidity of summer air, wind pressure, snow pressure and other conditions that affect the greenhouse Important factors in the safety and economy of greenhouses.                                      1. Temperature. On the basis of understanding the temperature change process in various areas where greenhouses may be built, we focus on estimating the energy consumption that may be required for heating in winter and cooling in summer. When there is no data on the temperature change process, we can focus on a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the main influencing factors on temperature such as its latitude, altitude, and surrounding mountains, rivers, and forests.     2. Lighting. Light intensity and illumination hours have a very important impact on the photosynthesis of plants in greenhouses and indoor temperature conditions. They are mainly affected by geographical location and air quality. Therefore, the terrain of the greenhouse construction site must be flat and open, in line with tall buildings. Or the distance between protective forest belts should be such that it does not hinder the ventilation and lighting of the greenhouse.     3. Wind speed and direction. Wind speed, direction and distribution of wind bands must also be considered during site selection. For greenhouses that are mainly used for winter production or greenhouses in cold areas, they should be constructed in a leeward and sunny area; greenhouses for year-round production should also pay attention to using the dominant wind direction in summer for natural ventilation; avoid openings or strong winds Build greenhouses in areas to facilitate the safety of the greenhouse structure; avoid building greenhouses in cold areas in winter to facilitate thermal insulation and energy saving in winter; avoid choosing greenhouse construction locations at canyon exits, wind outlets, etc. to prevent excessively strong wind or Floods damage greenhouses, and excessive wind vibration will reduce their service life. Due to the frequent northwest winds in winter, greenhouses should generally be built in the south; large-scale greenhouse groups should choose places with natural artificial barriers in the north, and the other three barriers should be kept at a certain distance from the greenhouse to avoid insufficient light.     4. Snowfall. Structurally speaking, snow pressure is the main load for lightweight structures such as greenhouses. Especially for large and medium-sized multi-span greenhouses where snow drainage is difficult, construction in areas and zones with heavy snowfall should be avoided.                                      5. Hail disaster. Hail is crucial to the safety of ordinary glass greenhouses. The hazards of hail should be determined based on meteorological data and local area surveys, so that ordinary glass greenhouses can avoid being built in areas that may cause hail hazards, or try to keep them in this area as much as possible Build a greenhouse with solar panels.     6. Environmental quality. Air quality mainly depends on the degree of pollution in the atmosphere. The main pollutants in the atmosphere are ozone, perchlorethylene nitrate (PAN), sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrogen fluoride, ethylene, ammonia, mercury vapor, etc. These pollutions caused by cities, industrial and mining enterprises, etc. have serious harm to plants in different growth stages. In order to ensure that the soil and water sources are not polluted, and thus ensure the high quality of greenhouse products, greenhouse construction locations cannot be selected near factories, downstream of rivers, or downwind from cities. Smoke from burning coal, dust from industry and mining, and dust from dirt roads fall on the greenhouse, which will seriously reduce the amount of light that penetrates the greenhouse; on cold days, the water vapor clouds and mist discharged from thermal power plants into the sky will cause partial shading. Therefore, when selecting a site, you should try to avoid urban polluted areas and choose an area upwind of the areas where the above-mentioned pollution occurs and in an area with good air circulation. Pay attention to whether nearby buildings are affected by highway, industrial and mining dust, and detect the extent of the impact.

With the development of technology, agricultural production methods have also undergone significant changes. In many regions, agricultural production tends to be mechanized. In addition, greenhouses are becoming more and more common, especially in some northern regions.                                     So why do many regions need to build greenhouses? Compared to traditional agriculture, what are the advantages of greenhouse agriculture production methods?   Greenhouses, mainly consisting of large connected greenhouses, have rapidly developed in recent years and can be seen in many places. However, the products grown in different regions also vary. In the south, large greenhouses mainly produce flowers, while in the north, vegetables are mainly grown. Of course, there are also a few greenhouses used for cultivating seedlings.                                        Advantages Of Greenhouse:   In agricultural production in our country, sunlight greenhouses are the main type of facility structure. They can fully utilize solar thermal resources, while also saving resources and reducing environmental pollution. Nowadays, most of them use multi story greenhouses, which can efficiently use land and make environmental regulation very easy.   Greenhouses provide a controlled environment, including temperature, humidity, light, etc., which can solve the regional and seasonal planting restrictions of crops and enrich market supply. Enable people to eat fresh vegetables in winter and various fresh fruits outside of the current season.   Due to the controlled environment and technological support, the growth cycle of agricultural products has been shortened, production risks have been reduced, and farmers' income has been increased. With the continuous improvement and development of facility cultivation technology, as well as the emergence of biotechnology and microcomputer automatic control, labor production efficiency has been greatly improved, resulting in increased yield and quality of cultivation, and improved economic benefits.

 Greenhouses have many profit points, and you can flexibly choose planting and management directions based on local market demand and unique advantages to achieve more economic benefits.   In addition to the traditional cultivation of vegetables, flowers, fruits and other crops, greenhouses also have the following profit points:                                     Cultivation Of Medicinal Materials   Cultivation of medicinal herbs is a profitable way for greenhouses. As people's recognition and demand for traditional Chinese medicine continues to increase, good economic benefits can be obtained by planting some high-value traditional Chinese medicine, such as ginseng, Ganoderma lucidum, and astragalus. The environment of the greenhouse can be adjusted to provide suitable conditions such as temperature, humidity and light, which is conducive to the growth and quality improvement of Chinese medicinal materials.   Edible Fungi Cultivation   The growth of edible fungi requires suitable temperature and humidity conditions, and the greenhouse environment can provide these conditions. Therefore, various edible fungi, such as mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, king oyster mushrooms, etc., can be grown in the greenhouse. Edible fungi have a short growth cycle, high yield, and large market demand. Growing edible fungi can bring considerable profits.     Breeding   The temperature and humidity conditions in the greenhouse are very beneficial to the growth of some small animals. Birds, fish, etc., such as meat pigeons, egg-laying pigeons, koi, etc., can be raised in the greenhouse. Aquariums, fish ponds and other facilities can be installed in the greenhouse to provide a good growth environment, which is conducive to the growth and reproduction of animals. Breeding animals not only provides food such as meat and eggs, but also provides ornamental value.     Seedling Cultivation   The environment in the greenhouse can be controlled and can provide suitable conditions such as temperature, humidity and light, which is conducive to the cultivation of plant seedlings. In greenhouses, seedlings of various flowers, vegetables and other plants can be grown, and then sold to other farms or plantations, or grown oneself. The demand for seedlings is relatively high, and the price is relatively high, so considerable profits can be obtained.     Sightseeing   The greenhouse has a unique architectural shape and a warm and humid internal environment, making it very suitable for tourism. Various business formats such as park tours, farm entertainment, and parent-child activities can be carried out in the greenhouse to increase tourists' experience and interactivity. At the same time, additional income can also be obtained by selling self-produced vegetables, fruits and other products and other agricultural and sideline products.                                     Plant Flowers   The environment in the greenhouse is suitable for flower growth, and various flowers can be planted, such as roses, carnations, tulips, etc., and different types of flowers can be provided in different seasons to meet market demand. Planting flowers can yield high-value benefits, and at the same time, it can also increase the beauty and ornamental value of the greenhouse.     Grow Green Vegetables   Growing green vegetables in greenhouses is a common way to make money. The environment in the greenhouse can be controlled and can provide suitable conditions such as temperature, humidity and light, which is conducive to the growth and quality improvement of vegetables. Growing green vegetables in greenhouses can achieve pollution-free, pesticide-free cultivation and meet the market demand for green vegetables. At the same time, the price of green vegetables is also higher than that of ordinary vegetables, and you can get good profits.     Grow Fruit   Growing fruits in greenhouses is also a profitable way. Various fruits can be grown, such as strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, etc., and different types of fruits can be provided in different seasons to meet market demand. The quality of fruits grown in greenhouses is better than those grown outdoors, and the price is also higher, so you can get considerable profits.     Greenhouses can be profitable in a variety of ways. Growing high-value agricultural products, breeding animals, traveling, growing green vegetables and fruits, etc. can all achieve considerable economic benefits. At the same time, the environment in the greenhouse can be controlled, which can improve the quality and yield of agricultural products, reduce production costs, and improve market competitiveness.

Secondary salinization refers to the process in which good cultivated land becomes "salinized" due to unreasonable human cultivation and irrigation measures, as well as changes in vegetation.   Saline alkali land is divided into two types of saline alkali soil: saline soil and saline soil, alkaline soil and alkaline soil, based on soil salt content and pH value. Soluble salts (chloride, sulfate, and carbonate) accumulate too much on the surface of the soil, and if the salt content is too high, they are saline soil and saline soil; The surface salt content of soil may not be high, but when the adsorbed sodium ions on soil colloids exceed a certain amount and the pH value exceeds 8.5, it becomes alkaline soil or alkaline soil. In fact, saline soil and alkaline soil are coexisting in agricultural production, commonly referred to as saline alkali soil. Salinization occurs when the salt content in the surface layer of soil (0-20cm) exceeds 0.1% and the pH is greater than 7.5. With the increase of salinity and pH value, the soil surface will exhibit several typical characteristics such as "green", "white", and "red". "green" refers to the growth of green moss; "White" refers to the accumulation of a layer of salt frost on the surface area, while "red" refers to the appearance of "purple algae" on the ground, which is an indicator plant of saline alkali land. Its appearance indicates that the salt content in the soil is already high, reaching around 0.5%, which can cause serious yield reduction   The occurrence of the above three phenomena indicates that the soil has become saline alkali, and the reduction in production generally reaches 20%. At this point, the soil needs to be improved.   After soil salinization, it manifests as soil structural damage, sticky compaction, reduced ventilation and permeability, and slow water infiltration.                                     Prevention and Control Measures for Secondary Salinization in Greenhouses   （1） Scientific fertilization Using formula fertilization technology, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements are reasonably proportioned according to the fertilizer requirements of different crops and soil nutrient conditions, and promoting root dressing. The application of organic fertilizers, especially bio organic fertilizers made from high carbon raw materials, or the combination of microbial agents can achieve better results. Promote integrated water and fertilizer technology, improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, and reduce surface soil salt accumulation.   （2） Membrane removal and washing According to the principle of "salt comes with water, salt goes with water", use the summer shed period to remove the film, wash with heavy rain, or irrigate with large amounts of water, with a depth of 5-7cm, soak for 3-5 days, and repeat 2-3 times.   （3） Soil conditioning When applying saline alkali soil amendments, it is best to choose multifunctional saline alkali soil amendments that can increase soil organic matter, regulate soil pH, reduce soil salinity, and contain salt tolerant microorganisms.   （4） Deep plowing and deep plowing Regular deep plowing and plowing can loosen the compacted soil in the deep layers of vegetable greenhouses, increase soil aeration, and improve the utilization rate of nutrients in the deep layers of soil.   （5） Biological desalination Planting a crop of fast-growing vegetables or green manure during the summer break in a greenhouse can effectively absorb nutrients from the vegetable field, thereby achieving the goal of reducing soil salt content.   （6） Crop rotation Select vegetables from different families and genera for rotation to prevent soil borne diseases. Adopting a deep root and shallow root vegetable rotation method to avoid excessive consumption of soil nutrients in the same soil layer.   （7） Plastic film coverage By covering with plastic film, the evaporation of soil moisture is reduced, thereby reducing the salt content of the soil surface.                                  

Glass greenhouse is a modern agricultural facility that is characterized by high efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection, and aesthetics, and is widely used in the field of modern agriculture. Below, we will provide a detailed introduction to the structure, characteristics, advantages, and other aspects of the glass greenhouse.                                 1,The structure of a glass greenhouse   Glass greenhouses are usually made of transparent glass, aluminum alloy profiles, steel, and other materials. Its structural forms are diverse and can be customized according to different needs. Generally speaking, the top of a glass greenhouse adopts a curved or herringbone design to increase space utilization and lighting effects. The side is designed with sliding windows or open and close windows for easy ventilation and operation. The bottom is generally equipped with ventilation openings and shading systems to regulate indoor temperature and lighting.     2,The characteristics of glass greenhouse   1. Efficient: The glass greenhouse adopts full glass coverage, with a light transmittance of up to 80% -90%, which can fully utilize solar energy, improve indoor temperature and lighting, and provide a good growth environment for plants. 2. Energy saving: Glass greenhouses have good insulation performance and can effectively reduce energy consumption. Meanwhile, its ventilation system can regulate indoor temperature and humidity, reducing the occurrence of plant diseases and pests. 3. Environmental protection: The glass greenhouse is made of recyclable materials, which is non polluting to the environment. In addition, its enclosed design can reduce the impact of outdoor environment on indoor environment, improve the growth quality and yield of plants. 4. Aesthetics: The appearance of the glass greenhouse is beautiful and generous, and can coordinate with the surrounding environment. Meanwhile, its internal space is spacious and easy to visit and communicate with.     3,The advantages of glass greenhouses   1. Increase yield: Glass greenhouses can provide a suitable growth environment, promote plant growth and development, and improve crop yield and quality. 2. Cost reduction: Glass greenhouses can effectively reduce energy consumption and labor costs, and improve the efficiency of agricultural production. 3. Increase added value: The agricultural products produced in glass greenhouses have higher quality, which can increase their added value and market competitiveness. 4. Strong adaptability: Glass greenhouses are suitable for different climate and terrain conditions, and can be used for agricultural production in different environments.                                                      4,The application scope of glass greenhouse   Glass greenhouses are widely used in modern agriculture, including the cultivation and production of vegetables, fruits, flowers, seedlings, and other crops. At the same time, it is also applicable to fields such as ecological tourism and scientific research experiments.   In short, glass greenhouses are a modern agricultural facility with characteristics and advantages such as high efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection, and aesthetics, providing strong support for modern agricultural production. In the future, with the continuous progress of technology and the expansion of application fields, glass greenhouses will play a more important role in modern agriculture.

Working Principle And Classification Of Greenhouse     1. Greenhouses and their working principles   Greenhouses are special facilities that use transparent covering materials and environmental control equipment to create a local microclimate and promote crop growth and development. The function of a greenhouse is to create environmental conditions suitable for crop growth and development for efficient production. The solar radiation, mainly composed of shortwave radiation, enters the greenhouse through transparent materials, causing an increase in indoor ground temperature and temperature, and is converted into longwave radiation. Longwave radiation is then blocked by the greenhouse cover material, forming an accumulation of indoor heat and causing an increase in indoor temperature. This process is called the "greenhouse effect".   Greenhouses utilize the "greenhouse effect" to create a suitable environment for crop growth and increase crop yield by regulating indoor temperature during seasons when crops are not suitable for outdoor growth. But with the advancement of science and technology, greenhouse production has far exceeded the concept of "greenhouse effect". At present, high-tech technology can be used to automatically control and adjust various environmental factors in the greenhouse, including temperature, light, humidity, CO2 concentration, etc. According to the growth habits of crops and market needs, some or even completely break free from the constraints of the natural environment, and humans create a suitable environment for crop growth, producing high-quality and high-yield products to meet the needs of different consumer groups.     2.Types of Greenhouses   Production greenhouses are generally classified based on their transparent covering materials, main structural materials, and greenhouse performance.                                       1. Classification based on greenhouse transparent covering materials   (1) Glass greenhouse   A greenhouse with glass as the main transparent covering material. A greenhouse covered with single-layer glass is called a single-layer glass greenhouse, and a greenhouse covered with double-layer glass is called a double-layer insulated glass greenhouse.   (2) Plastic greenhouse   All greenhouses covered with transparent plastic are collectively referred to as plastic greenhouses. According to the properties of plastic materials, plastic greenhouses are classified into plastic film greenhouses and rigid board plastic greenhouses. Plastic film greenhouses are divided into plastic small arched greenhouses, plastic greenhouses, and large plastic film greenhouses based on their volume size (the latter is usually directly referred to as plastic film greenhouses or plastic greenhouses). To enhance the insulation of plastic film greenhouses, double-layer plastic films are often used to cover them, and greenhouses supported by frames of two layers of plastic films are called double-layer structure plastic greenhouses, A greenhouse with two layers of plastic film separated by inflation in the middle is called a double-layer inflatable greenhouse. Hard board plastic greenhouses are divided into polycarbonate board greenhouses (including polycarbonate hollow board greenhouses and polycarbonate wave board greenhouses), fiberglass (including fiberglass reinforced polyester boards and fiberglass reinforced acrylic resin boards) greenhouses, etc. according to the different types of boards. It should be noted that if the transparent covering material of a greenhouse is not a single material, but is covered by two or more materials, the greenhouse should be classified according to the transparent covering material of the roof, and the final classification should be based on the material with the largest material area on the roof.                                     2. Classification based on the main structural materials of the greenhouse   (1) A bamboo and wood structure greenhouse is a greenhouse that uses bamboo and wood materials such as bamboo, bamboo sheets, and round wood as load-bearing structures for roof beams or indoor columns.   (2) The reinforced concrete structure greenhouse uses reinforced concrete components as the load-bearing structure of the greenhouse roof. Greenhouses with reinforced concrete components as indoor columns and bamboo and wood materials as roof structural components are still classified as bamboo and wood structured greenhouses.   (3) A steel structure greenhouse is a greenhouse that uses steel structural materials such as steel bars, steel pipes, steel plates, or profiles as the main load-bearing structure of the greenhouse.   (4) All load-bearing structures of aluminum alloy greenhouses are made of aluminum alloy profiles. The load-bearing components of the roof are aluminum alloy profiles, but greenhouses supported by steel structures such as beams, trusses, and columns are still classified as steel structured greenhouses.   5) Due to the continuous emergence of new building materials, greenhouses using these materials as load-bearing structures are also emerging, such as glass fiber reinforced cement (GRC) skeleton sunlight greenhouses, steel plastic composite material plastic greenhouses, etc.                                          3. Classification based on greenhouse performance   (1) Plastic shed   A single arch greenhouse made of plastic film as a transparent covering material is called a plastic greenhouse. Plastic greenhouse is the simplest type of greenhouse and currently has the largest number of greenhouse types in China.   (2) Sunlight greenhouse   It is a greenhouse with three insulated walls facing east, west, and south, and a curved skylight facing south. The biggest advantage of this type of greenhouse is its good insulation performance. Currently, it is the most widely available greenhouse style in the northern and northeastern regions of China.   (3)Multi-span greenhouse   A Multi-span greenhouse is a greenhouse that connects single span greenhouses. According to the roof form, Multi-span greenhouses can be divided into pointed roof greenhouses, circular arch greenhouses, serrated roof greenhouses, flat roof greenhouses, and shaped roof greenhouses. The biggest advantage of multi story greenhouse is its large indoor space, high space utilization rate, and high degree of mechanization. It is currently the most commonly used greenhouse style in developed countries and also the future development direction of greenhouse in China.

Project Overview:   Location: Philippines Time:2019 Climate: Hot and humid, with temperatures ranging from 30-40℃ Usage: Vegetables growing Greenhouse Type: Peach peak arch greenhouse Quantity: 4 units Dimensions: Length - 36 meters, Width - Inner arch 9 meters, Outer arch 10 meters Skeleton Material: Hot-dip galvanized steel pipe Covering Material: White inner sunshade film, out transparent polycarbonate sheet

Project Overview: Location: Thailand Climate: Hot and humid, with temperatures ranging from 30-40℃ Usage: Cannabis cultivation Greenhouse Type: Double-layer arch-blackout greenhouse Quantity: 4 units Dimensions: Length - 36 meters, Width - Inner arch 9 meters, Outer arch 10 meters Skeleton Material: Hot-dip galvanized steel pipe Covering Material: White outer sunshade film, inner transparent film Innovative Greenhouse Systems: External Sunshade System: Our greenhouses are equipped with a state-of-the-art external sunshade system utilizing a white sunshade net. This system not only provides shade but also reflects a portion of the sunlight's heat, significantly cooling the interior environment. Double-Layer Insulation System: Embracing an inner and outer double-layer design, our greenhouses create a thermal insulation layer in between. This cutting-edge design effectively reduces energy consumption, ensuring optimal conditions for cannabis cultivation. Internal Blackout System: Our project is the fully automatic blackout system inside each greenhouse. This system carefully regulates lighting conditions, guaranteeing the ideal environment for the growth of cannabis plants. Air Conditioning System: To maintain the perfect indoor temperature, each greenhouse is equipped with circulation fans. These fans efficiently cool down the interior, ensuring that the cannabis plants thrive in an environment tailored to their needs. Project Installation: We have a professional construction team and experienced project engineers.This case we provide 1 professional engineer to provide on-site installation guidance, and 7-8 local construction workers. The overall construction period is 1 month.

Hunan Shimen modern agricultural science and technology exhibition center with a total investment of 13.5 million yuan, covers an area of 15 acres, greenhouse planning and construction area of 4110.72 square meters, with a total construction area of 5000 square meters, the project has started construction in July 2020 and fully completed in 2021. The greenhouse selects Venlo structure type, the top of the showroom adopts cream locking shape PC board, the top of the greenhouse adopts 5mm tempered glass, surrounded by 5+6+5 hollow float glass, the skeleton is double-sided hot-dip galvanized steel skeleton, the steel zinc layer is above 220g/㎡ (surface spray paint), the interior is equipped with external shading system, internal shading system, natural ventilation system, cooling system, IOT intelligent control system, Electric control system and power distribution system, etc., set modern intelligent agriculture, leisure agriculture, new energy, tourism and recuperation as one of the field complex demonstration garden, after the completion of the project, the development of the local modern fruit and vegetable industry, enhance the modernization of agricultural production and promote the development of modern agricultural experience tourism has a positive role.

Among the cultivation facilities, the intelligent multi-span glass greenhouse is suitable for use in various regions and climatic conditions as a long-lasting form. Glass greenhouses are costly and highly subsidized, and are currently used mostly for scientific research, sightseeing, and restaurants. The advantages are broadly as follows. 1、Large lighting area, uniform light ; 2, the use of a long time, the strength is relatively high ; 3, has a very strong anti-corrosion, flame retardant ; 4, 90 to light transmission, and does not decay with time. In the industry, the span size and opening size can be divided into different construction modes, and different use modes can be divided into: vegetable glass greenhouse, flower glass greenhouse, seedling glass greenhouse, ecological glass greenhouse, scientific research glass greenhouse, three-dimensional glass greenhouse, irregular glass greenhouse, leisure glass greenhouse, intelligent glass greenhouse, etc.